The motorcycle ignition system is intended to ignite an air-fuel mixture. It enables the engine to run steady.

Main components of a motorcycle ignition system

• Spark plug. Its electrodes produce a spark which is necessary for ignition. Its service life depends on the materials it is made from. For example, nickel models might last from 15,000 to 30,000 km, copper ones — from 20,000 to 30,000 km, iridium and platinum — from 60,000 to 70,000 km. Components containing gold can function properly for 80,000 – 100,000 km.
• Ignition coil. It converts a low voltage into a high voltage. Ignition is impossible without a sufficiently high voltage.
• Distributor. It is used to supply high voltage to spark plugs.
• Ballast resistor. Eliminates excessive current strength.
• CDI module. It accumulates voltage supplied by an alternator. Then, it is supplied to the ignition coil.
• Spark plug wires. They ensure stable power supply to the spark plugs. The wires are connected to the plugs with special caps.
• Control unit. It uses data from various sensors to correct the operation of the system. In particular, the information about the revolutions of the crankshaft enables the control unit to calculate the appropriate ignition timing.
• Pulse generator. It is used in an electronic ignition system to produce pulses to be transmitted to the CDI module to create voltage.

Malfunctions: their causes and symptoms

• Worn out spark plugs. Difficulties with starting the engine, especially, at low ambient temperatures and high humidity, can indicate this problem. Besides, this malfunction often causes increased fuel consumption. It is a natural result of using the plugs beyond the recommended service life.
• Damaged coil winding. It leads to unstable operation of the engine. The breakdown might be caused by exposure to high temperatures because the component is located nearby the hot motorcycle engine. Besides, malfunctions of this part might result from a faulty high-voltage cable.
• Contact oxidation. In that case, it is hard to start the engine, fuel consumption increases. The reason is moisture from the road getting inside because of improperly installed parts.

Tips on how to maintain and replace motorcycle ignition system components

• Many system components do not have a defined service life: they have to be replaced when it is needed. It is important to make sure that electrical wiring of your motorcycle is generally in good condition, and not to ignore any signs of malfunctions.
• It is recommended to have the assembly serviced by specialists. Maintenance usually involves operations with high-voltage cables.
• Some parts can be serviced according to the recommendations specified in the motorcycle servicing manual. For example, it is allowed to remove dirt from spark plug wells using compressed air. Do not forget to put on protective goggles before you start.

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